What term indicates the voluntary relinquishment of right to a given property back to the state?

The term that indicates the voluntary relinquishment of rights to a given property back to the state is escheat. This legal principle allows the state to assume ownership of property when an individual dies without heirs, or when property is abandoned and no rightful owner can be determined. In the context of title insurance and property law, escheat serves to ensure that property does not remain unclaimed and can be managed or utilized by the state for the public good.

In contrast, abandonment refers to a situation where an owner has given up the right to the property without the intention of transferring it to the state, whereas transfer implies a voluntary conveyance of property rights to another party. Donation typically involves giving property to another person or entity without consideration, usually as a gift, rather than returning it to the state. Therefore, escheat is the correct choice in this context, as it specifically addresses the return of property rights to the state.