What term refers to the involuntary transfer of property by the government for public use?

The term that refers to the involuntary transfer of property by the government for public use is eminent domain. Under eminent domain, the government has the authority to acquire private property for public projects, such as highways, schools, or parks, provided that the property owner is fairly compensated for the loss of their property. This process is grounded in the principle that the needs of the community can sometimes necessitate the use of individual property rights for the collective good.

While the term "condemnation" is often used in practice to describe the legal process through which eminent domain is exercised, it does not specifically denote the broader concept of government authority to take property. Adverse possession refers to the process by which someone can claim ownership of land under certain conditions, typically involving continuous and open possession for a specific period, while foreclosure is a legal process related to the seizure of property by a lender when the borrower defaults on a loan. Therefore, eminent domain is the most accurate term for the involuntary transfer prompted by government need.