Which type of right allows a landowner to access a neighboring property?

An easement appurtenant refers to a legal right allowing the owner of a property (the dominant tenement) to access and use a portion of a neighboring property (the servient tenement). This type of easement is tied directly to the land itself, meaning that it benefits not just the current property owner but also any future owners of that property. The key characteristic of an easement appurtenant is that it "runs with the land," ensuring that the right to access the neighboring property is retained regardless of changes in ownership.

In contrast, an easement in gross does not attach to specific land and is generally granted to individuals or entities rather than land. Encroachment involves a situation where one property owner intrudes on another's property without permission, and a land license is a temporary permission to use someone else’s land, which can be revoked and does not have the permanence of an easement. Thus, the easement appurtenant provides the legal framework necessary for a landowner's right to access a neighboring property, making it the correct choice for this question.